Contents

1. Acknowledgements
2. Introduction
   1. About Bettercare
   2. Why decentralised learning?
   3. Free Bettercare Online Learning Platform
   4. Learning programmes
   5. Format of the courses
   6. Contributors
   7. Updating the course material
   8. Contact information
   9. Registration
3. 1 Introduction to childhood HIV infection
   1. Objectives
   2. Introduction to HIV
   3. The spread of HIV
   4. HIV in society
   5. HIV transmission from mother to child
   6. Feeding options
   7. Post-exposure prophylaxis
   8. Case studies
4. 2 Clinical and immunological diagnosis of HIV infection
   1. Objectives
   2. Acute seroconversion illness
   3. Clinical staging of HIV infection
   4. Confirmation of HIV infection
   5. Immunological staging of HIV infection
   6. Consent for HIV testing
   7. Case studies
5. 3 Management of children with HIV infection
   1. Objectives
   2. Family-centred care
   3. Routine clinical care
   4. Immunisations
   5. Primary prophylaxis
   6. Nutrition and growth
   7. Monitoring neurodevelopment
   8. Screening for HIV-associated infections
   9. Care of adolescents with HIV infection
   10. Disclosure
   11. Case studies
6. 4 Antiretroviral drugs
   1. Objectives
   2. Introduction to antiretroviral treatment
   3. Classes of antiretroviral drugs
   4. Standardised treatment regimens
   5. Antiretroviral medication
   6. Side effects of antiretroviral drugs
   7. Case studies
7. 5 Management of children with antiretroviral treatment
   1. Objectives
   2. Criteria for antiretroviral treatment
   3. Patient readiness
   4. Preparation for antiretroviral treatment
   5. Managing antiretroviral treatment
   6. Problems with antiretroviral treatment
   7. Adherence
   8. Inadequate dosage
   9. Drug resistance
   10. Unsuppressed viral load and treatment failure
   11. Drug interactions
   12. Drug interruptions
   13. Side effects of antiretroviral agents
   14. Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS)
   15. Case studies
8. 6 HIV-associated infections and end-of-life care
   1. Objectives
   2. HIV-associated infections
   3. Common infections
   4. Tuberculosis
   5. Treating tuberculosis co-infection
   6. End-of-life care
   7. Case studies